a set of instructions for adjusting insulin on the basis of blood glucose test results, meals, or activity levels.

when the blood glucose level swings high following hypoglycemia. The Somogyi effect may follow an untreated hypoglycemic episode during the night and is caused by the release of stress hormones.

1. A sugar alcohol (sweetener) with 4 calories per gram. 2. A substance produced by the body in people with diabetes that can cause damage to the eyes and nerves.

division of a prescribed daily dose of insulin into two or more injections given over the course of the day.

another name for carbohydrate, one of the three main nutrients in food.

condition caused by damage to blood vessels in the brain; may cause loss of ability to speak or to move parts of the body.

putting a fluid into the tissue under the skin with a needle and syringe.

a sweetener made from sugar but with no calories and no nutritional value.

a two-part sugar made of glucose and fructose. Known as table sugar or white sugar, it is found naturally in sugar cane and in beets.

1. A class of carbohydrates with a sweet taste, including glucose, fructose and sucrose. 2. A term used to refer to blood glucose.